James E. Niskanen is the Director of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhoods for the City of Modesto, CA. Other positions he has held include: Assistant Director of Parks and Recreation for the City of Modesto (1990-99); Program Manager/Recreation Supervisor for the City of Sunnyvale, CA (1983-90); Recreation Supervisor for the City of Alameda, CA (1980-83); and Recreation Program Coordinator for the City of Sunnyvale (1978-80). He received his B.S. degree in Recreation Administration and Leisure Services from San Jose State University (1976). Some of his professional affiliations include: California Park and Recreation Society, Inc.; Golf Course Superintendents of America; National Institute of Golf Management; National Recreation and Park Association; Neighborhoods USA; and U.S. Golf Association. Awards and honors he has received are: Chair, National Institute of Golf Management (2000); Chair, Chair-elect and Past Chair, National Institute of Golf Management (1999); and Past President, California Park and Recreation Society, Inc., District IV (1988-89).